„Hello, World¾ Key Equivocation Given that the ciphertext KHOOR ZRUOG was encrypted using a CÊsar cipher, what is the key equivoca- tion? Clearly there are 26 possible keys; here is the decryption of the ciphertext for each key: key plaintext key plaintext key plaintext A KHOOR ZRUOG R TQXXA IADXP J BYFFI QILFX Z LIPPS ASVPH Q URYYB JBEYQ I CZGGJ RJMGY Y MJQQT BTWQI P VSZZC KCFZR H DAHHK SKNHZ X NKRRU CUXRJ O WTAAD LDGAS G EBIIL TLOIA W OLSSV DVYSK N XUBBE MEHBT F FCJJM UMPJB V PMTTW EWZTL M YVCCF NFICU E GDKKN VNQKC U QNUUX FXAUM L ZWDDG OGJDV D HELLO WORLD T ROVVY GYBVN K AXEEH PHKEW C IFMMP XPSME S SPWWZ HZCWO B JGNNQ YQTNF Assuming the plaintext is ordinary English (and not a code), the only possible plaintext is HELLO WORLD and the key is D.